India — Country Risk Report

India (Asia Pacific • South Asia). Risk report as of the 19 Jun 2026 FATF plenary.

Moderate country risk, with AML/CFT effectiveness gaps. India's country risk score is 4.3/10, placing it in the moderate-risk band. The principal score driver is AML/CFT effectiveness, contributing 2.2 of 4.3 points. Separately, the treatment overlays show that India is not currently FATF grey- or black-listed, and that India is not subject to comprehensive country-wide sanctions and has no direct country-level programme identified. Firms should apply additional scrutiny where exposure involves state-linked entities, restricted sectors, sensitive technology, dual-use goods or politically exposed counterparties.

Recommended treatment

Standard due diligence for most relationships, with enhanced checks where defined risk triggers are present.

At a glance

• FATF status: Not currently listed (one indicator only; it does not set the overall country risk rating by itself)
• No direct country-level sanctions programme identified; sanctions remain a legal treatment overlay and applicable lists must still be screened.
• Governance and institutions: 4.7/10
• Corruption (CPI 2025): 39/100, rank #91 of 182
• Enforcement: 1 live regulator feed; current totals are loaded from the live evidence API

Country Risk Score: 4.3/10 (Moderate)

Higher score means higher country risk (global average 5.5). Full information available. Composite score. Strong supporting evidence. Enforcement activity and CPI are context only; FATF listing and sanctions are regulatory overlays except the labelled FATF listing status used where no mutual evaluation exists.

All three underlying risk pillars are available. All three underlying risk pillars are available and weighted using the published formula. Weight sensitivity 4.3–4.4/10.

How this score was calculated

• AML/CFT effectiveness: 4.8/10 — 45% of this score
• Technical compliance: 2.7/10 — 20% of this score
• Governance and institutions: 4.7/10 — 35% of this score

Sanctions treatment: No direct programme identified. FATF treatment: none.

Principal risk drivers

• AML/CFT effectiveness: 4.8/10 × 45% = 2.2 points
• Governance and institutions: 4.7/10 × 35% = 1.6 points
• Technical compliance: 2.7/10 × 20% = 0.5 points

Mitigating factors

• Not currently on the FATF grey or black list.
• No comprehensive country-wide sanctions programme.
• Comparatively stronger rule of law and institutions (4.4/10).
• Risk is concentrated in specific counterparties, sectors and transactions rather than applying uniformly.

Business impact

• Customer onboarding (Elevated): Verify ultimate beneficial ownership and control from more than one source.
• Payments and transactions (Elevated): Review transaction purpose, counterparties and the full payment routing.
• Trade and export activity (Elevated): Screen goods, end users and potential dual-use exposure.
• Corporate clients (Elevated): Assess state ownership, government links and political exposure.
• Ongoing monitoring (Elevated): Alert on ownership changes, new designations and status changes.

Recommended controls

• Verify ultimate beneficial ownership using more than one reliable source.
• Identify state ownership, government influence and politically exposed persons.
• Screen entities, directors and beneficial owners against applicable sanctions lists.
• Apply enhanced review to technology, defence, telecommunications, financial services and dual-use activity.
• Document transaction purpose and source of funds where cross-border structures are complex.
• Escalate unresolved ownership opacity or adverse information to Compliance.

Enhanced due diligence triggers

• State ownership / control
• PEP involvement
• Sensitive / restricted sectors
• Opaque ownership
• Adverse media
• Dual-use goods & technology
• High-risk intermediary routing

FATF status: Not currently listed

India is not on the FATF grey or black list as of the 19 Jun 2026 plenary.

Source details

International sanctions by issuing body

• UN: No
• EU: No
• UK: No
• US: No

No means the complete UN, UK, EU and US review found no direct country-level programme. People or organisations may still appear on sanctions lists.

Government effectiveness and rule of law (World Bank 2024, percentile)

• Government Effectiveness: 59/100
• Regulatory Quality: 53/100
• Rule of Law: 56/100

Enforcement activity

RegActions has 1 live regulator feed mapped to India. Current action totals are loaded from the live evidence API rather than the static registry.

• SEBI — Securities and Exchange Board of India (live feed, 2022-2026)

The composite RegActions Country Risk Score does not use enforcement volume.

Regulators and legal framework

FATF network

FATF member.

• Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering
• Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism

Last mutual evaluation: 2024 · report

National regulators

• SEBI — Securities and Exchange Board of India (live feed, 2022-2026)

FIU: Egmont Group member (FIU-IND)

Framework signals

• FATF listing: Not currently listed
• International sanctions: no direct country programme identified (legal treatment overlay remains applicable)
• BO register: Restricted (live since 2018)
• Corruption (CPI 2025): 39/100, rank #91 of 182
• Rule of law (WGI): 4.4/10 risk

Regulatory ecosystem and enforcement visibility

This evidence map is separate from Country Risk v3. It describes official mandates, publication access and RegActions coverage; it does not judge regulatory strength or add points to country risk.

Transparency Index: not scored · Evidence disposition: local-authority-evidence · Mapped official authorities: 6.

Evidence level: Level 3: Enforcement visible. The ladder uses the authority evidenceLevel schema directly and does not infer a level from a URL, site access or RegActions feed count.

1. 1. Identity confirmed — The authority and its mandate are evidenced by official directory provenance.
2. 2. Regulatory activity visible — A qualified authority-owned route has provisional dated activity in the first-page scan.
3. 3. Enforcement visible — A qualified authority-owned enforcement route has provisional dated activity in the first-page scan.
4. 4. Score eligible — Shown only when the authority evidence schema explicitly records score-eligible; no authority currently does.

Enforcement visibility: 1 authorities are classified enforcement-visible by the authority evidence schema, based on qualified authority-owned route evidence and provisional first-page month observations. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

Authorities and mandate evidence

• Financial Intelligence Unit India (FIU-IND) — Level 1: Identity confirmed · Official site timed out

  Mandates: Financial intelligence · Access status: Official site timed out · Research/publication snapshot checked: 2026-08-20

  Official authority site

  Provisional first-page scan signal

  Signal: unknown · Observed month count: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown.

  Source access was limited during this research check, so activity remains unknown. This is not evidence of inactivity.

  Scan contract and precision

  automated-first-page-date-scan · 2024-01 to 2026-08 · as of 2026-08-20 · month precision · first-page-only-unvalidated. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

  No publication candidate is qualified. Regulatory activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown.

  Activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown; this access limitation does not establish that the authority has no enforcement activity.

• Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) — Level 1: Identity confirmed · Official site access blocked

  Mandates: Insurance · Access status: Official site access blocked · Research/publication snapshot checked: 2026-08-20

  Official authority site

  Provisional first-page scan signal

  Signal: unknown · Observed month count: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown.

  Source access was limited during this research check, so activity remains unknown. This is not evidence of inactivity.

  Scan contract and precision

  automated-first-page-date-scan · 2024-01 to 2026-08 · as of 2026-08-20 · month precision · first-page-only-unvalidated. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

  No publication candidate is qualified. Regulatory activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown.

  Activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown; this access limitation does not establish that the authority has no enforcement activity.

• International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) — Level 1: Identity confirmed · Official site challenge-protected

  Mandates: Insurance, Pensions · Access status: Official site challenge-protected · Research/publication snapshot checked: 2026-08-20

  Official authority site

  Provisional first-page scan signal

  Signal: unknown · Observed month count: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown.

  Source access was limited during this research check, so activity remains unknown. This is not evidence of inactivity.

  Scan contract and precision

  automated-first-page-date-scan · 2024-01 to 2026-08 · as of 2026-08-20 · month precision · first-page-only-unvalidated. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

  Publication candidates and qualification

  • Unqualified publication candidate: UAPA Orders and Notifications

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: unknown · Observed months: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Public Notice

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: unknown · Observed months: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Enforcement Actions

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: unknown · Observed months: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Unserved Notices

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: unknown · Observed months: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Unserved Notices which resulted in order

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: unknown · Observed months: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Official authority-owned enforcement route: About Enforcement

    Authority-owned and approved for the human-reviewed route contract.

    Route type: enforcement_archive · Source scope: authority-owned · Qualification: approved-for-human-contract · Provisional scan signal: unknown · Observed months: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown

  Activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown; this access limitation does not establish that the authority has no enforcement activity.

• Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority — Level 3: Enforcement visible · Official site reachable

  Mandates: Pensions · Access status: Official site reachable · Research/publication snapshot checked: 2026-08-20

  Official authority site

  Provisional first-page scan signal

  Signal: low-frequency · Observed month count: 1 · Latest observed month: 2026-06.

  Provisional automated first-page date scan on an authority-owned qualified route. It is not a validated publication frequency or effectiveness measure.

  Scan contract and precision

  automated-first-page-date-scan · 2024-01 to 2026-08 · as of 2026-08-20 · month precision · first-page-only-unvalidated. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

  Publication candidates and qualification

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Pension Fund Regulatory and Development...

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: PFRDA (REGISTRATION OF PENSION FUNDS)...

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: NOTICE INVITING PROPOSALS FOR SELECTION...

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Circular - Introduction of NPS...

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Official authority-owned enforcement route: Enforcement Orders

    Authority-owned and approved for the human-reviewed route contract.

    Route type: enforcement_archive · Source scope: authority-owned · Qualification: approved-for-human-contract · Provisional scan signal: low-frequency-first-page-signal · Observed months: 1 · Latest observed month: 2026-06

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Notices

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Orders and Notices

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

  • Unqualified publication candidate: Circular - Introduction of NPS PRIDE- DISHA (Pension Fund Returns for Informed Decision & Empowerment) : A Subscriber Awareness and Decision Support Digital Tool Kit 14-07-2026

    Research candidate only; it is not promoted to an official enforcement or regulatory-update route.

    Route type: not classified · Source scope: not classified · Qualification: not classified · Provisional scan signal: not-observable · Observed months: 0 · Latest observed month: unknown

• Reserve Bank of India — Level 1: Identity confirmed · Official site returned an error

  Mandates: Central bank, Prudential supervision · Access status: Official site returned an error · Research/publication snapshot checked: 2026-08-20

  Official authority site

  Provisional first-page scan signal

  Signal: unknown · Observed month count: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown.

  Source access was limited during this research check, so activity remains unknown. This is not evidence of inactivity.

  Scan contract and precision

  automated-first-page-date-scan · 2024-01 to 2026-08 · as of 2026-08-20 · month precision · first-page-only-unvalidated. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

  No publication candidate is qualified. Regulatory activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown.

  Activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown; this access limitation does not establish that the authority has no enforcement activity.

• Securities and Exchange Board of India — Level 1: Identity confirmed · Official site could not be reached

  Mandates: Securities · Access status: Official site could not be reached · Research/publication snapshot checked: 2026-08-20

  Official authority site

  Provisional first-page scan signal

  Signal: unknown · Observed month count: unknown · Latest observed month: unknown.

  Source access was limited during this research check, so activity remains unknown. This is not evidence of inactivity.

  Scan contract and precision

  automated-first-page-date-scan · 2024-01 to 2026-08 · as of 2026-08-20 · month precision · first-page-only-unvalidated. This is not a validated engagement frequency.

  No publication candidate is qualified. Regulatory activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown.

  Activity and enforcement visibility remain unknown; this access limitation does not establish that the authority has no enforcement activity.

Download regulatory ecosystem PDF · CSV · JSON

Sector exposure

• Banking & payments (Low): No FATF overlay and governance pillar within normal range
• Trade & export controls (Low): No direct sanctions or FATF call-for-action overlay identified
• Crypto & virtual assets (Low): No FATF overlay and effectiveness pillar within normal range
• Real estate & luxury assets (Elevated): CPI context 39/100; BO subscore 3.9/10
• State-linked & procurement (Low): Current risk pillars show no elevated procurement signal

Derived from sanctions tier, FATF listing, World Bank WGI governance and CPI; no per-sector dataset is asserted.

India: analysis

India's profile is driven primarily by elevated corruption risk, with political stability (moderate) and voice and accountability (moderate) also contributing at moderate levels. Rule of law (moderate) is somewhat stronger. The CPI reading confirms that corruption remains a structural concern. No FATF listing or sanctions apply. The presence of 408 SEBI enforcement actions across 2022 to 2026 signals active regulatory activity and may indicate both regulatory maturity and underlying market-conduct risk.

Outlook

India's enforcement trajectory suggests a strengthening regulatory environment in the securities sector. However, corruption and institutional risks remain structurally embedded and are unlikely to resolve quickly. Firms should factor in SEBI's active enforcement stance when assessing securities-sector counterparties, while maintaining enhanced due diligence on politically exposed persons and high-value transactions.

Key watchpoints

• Monitor SEBI enforcement action trends, given 408 tracked actions between 2022 and 2026.
• Track CPI trends and domestic anti-corruption reform progress, particularly in public procurement and state-level institutions.
• Assess beneficial ownership structures involving politically exposed persons given the corruption elevated risk rating.
• Review AML/CFT compliance requirements in the banking and financial services sectors, where regulatory expectations continue to evolve.

Assessment currency

• FATF status: Not listed (as of 19 Jun 2026)
• Sanctions exposure: None identified (as of Jul 2026)
• Governance (WGI): Latest dataset incorporated (as of 2024)
• Corruption (CPI): 39/100 (as of 2025)
• RegActions assessment: Reviewed (as of 19 Jun 2026)

Public evidence layer

FATF action: none. No FATF call-for-action or increased-monitoring status was identified at the latest plenary. This does not establish low risk.

Contextual signals (not scored)

• FATF network membership: Direct FATF member (present, as of 2026-07)
• EU non-cooperative tax jurisdictions: Not listed in Annex I (absent, as of 2026-02-17)
• Egmont Group FIU: FIU-IND (present, as of 2026-07-17)
• Beneficial-ownership register: Restricted (live since 2018) (present, as of 2026-08-23)
• Transparency International CPI: 39/100, rank 91 (present, as of 2025)

Evidence freshness

• FATF monitored-jurisdiction status: current; data 2026-06-19
• FATF mutual evaluation and follow-up ratings: current; data 2026-08-24; follow-up 2024-09; base assessment 2024-09
• World Bank governance indicators: current; data 2024
• UN, UK, EU and US sanctions regimes: current; data 2026-08-30

Contextual signals are public evidence only and do not change the current country-risk score.

Download evidence PDF · CSV · JSON

Contextual risk evidence (not scored)

These eight evidence families provide context only. They do not change the v3.1 headline score. Unavailable means no reviewed, country-comparable evidence is currently ingested; it does not mean the risk is absent.

• Organised crime: Not available. No reviewed country-level organised-crime dataset is currently checked in; no risk value is inferred. Candidate sources are research leads only; they have not been ingested as evidence.
• Fraud and cybercrime: Not available. No reviewed country-level fraud or cybercrime dataset is currently checked in; no risk value is inferred. Candidate sources are research leads only; they have not been ingested as evidence.
• Terrorism and proliferation financing: Not available. No reviewed country-comparable terrorism/proliferation threat dataset is currently checked in; FATF listing status remains a separate overlay. Candidate sources are research leads only; they have not been ingested as evidence.
• Trafficking: Not available. No reviewed country-level trafficking dataset is currently checked in; no risk value is inferred. Candidate sources are research leads only; they have not been ingested as evidence.
• Financial secrecy and offshore exposure: Not available. No reviewed, licence-clean financial-secrecy index is currently checked in; jurisdiction type alone is not used as a proxy. Candidate sources are research leads only; they have not been ingested as evidence.
• Tax cooperation: Not listed in EU Annex I. Annex I is a political/legal tax-cooperation list, not a general AML, corruption, or country-risk score. Source
• Political stability and conflict: 52/100 WGI percentile. WGI is an institutional perception indicator, not a conflict event feed or a prediction of future violence. Source
• Beneficial ownership: Register restricted to authorities. The Open Ownership map is a live-register snapshot and absence means no register was identified in that snapshot, not that no register exists. Source

Regional peer scores

• North Korea: 8.6/10 (Very high)
• Myanmar: 7.8/10 (Very high)
• Afghanistan: 7.7/10 (Very high)
• Laos: 7.3/10 (Very high)
• Pakistan: 7.1/10 (Very high)
• Tonga: 7.1/10 (Very high)

Source: FATF black & grey lists · World Bank WGI (CC BY 4.0 — World Bank WGI) · TI CPI (CC BY-ND 4.0 — Transparency International, display only)